Answers
Part A:
Isotopes are atoms of the same element, having different atomic masses.
Average atomic mass of the iostopes = weighted average of the mass of all the isotopes
Average mass of the copper discovered = 69.15% of 63 amu + 30.85% of 65 amu
Average mass of the copper discovered = {(69.15/100) x 63 amu} + {(30.85/100) x 65 amu}
= 43.5645 + 20.0525 = 63.62 amu
NOTE: The average atomic mass value is closer to the atomic mass of the more abundant isotope.
Part B:
Average mass of the silicon discovered = 73.71% of 27.98 amu + 14.93% of 28.98 amu + 11.36% of 29.97 amu
Average mass of the silicon discovered = {(73.71/100) x 27.98 amu} + {(14.93/100) x 28.98 amu} + {(11.36/100) x 29.79 amu}
Average mass of the silicon discovered = 20.624058 + 4.326714 + 3.384144 = 28.33 amu