Module 08 Written Assignment - Assess and Document Prior to class, and after reading/viewing the module...

objective data Assessment mainly includes 4 steps

1. inspection during inspection we only see the shpae of chest the respiratory pattern and also for any kind of erythema or previous operation / any kind of scar and the last thing to identify is the land marks of chest that will help us to proceed further for the next steps and they may include

• icntercostal space
• midsternal line
• mid clavicular line
• anterior axillary line
• aortic area
• pulmonic area
• erbs point
• tricuspid area
• mitreal area

2 palpation use of hands should be done to palpate areas that can be used to touch are the cardiac land marks

• pulsation
• cardiac thrill
• heaves

nono pulsation cardiac thrill or any kind of heaves should be palpated at cardiac land marks

3 auscultation with the use of stethoscope we acn hear the heart sounds at the cardiac land marks we must rember one thing before this examination that heart sound is produced only when there is a closure of a heart valve lub and dub are the two heart sounds that we hear with the use of stethoscope if we hear s3 sound then there is an abnormality of heart valve s4 is not audible

4 percution this can be done by using many diagnostic tools

SUBJECTIVE DATA

• chest pain
• dyspnea
• orthopnea
• cough
• fatigue
• cynosis
• pallor
• edema
• history
• life style and environment

recommended sequence of assessment of cardiac system

vitals

extremities

neck vessels

SUBJECTIVE DATA TO ASSESS THE PERIPHERAL VASSCULAR SYSTEM

• leg pain
• skin changes  
• history
• medication
• smoking
• swelling around the arm and legs

objective data

as mentioned above we have to follow the four steps

• inspection arms and legs must be inspected before doing any thing
• palpation of radial and ulnar arteries to be done if patient conplais of leg pain then homans sign must be inspected if there then press the area for 5 sec and then use the rating scale to document all the findings